ABSTRACT: Background: Scientific research has increasingly focused on studying the effects of substances on brain function. However, these studies often evaluate overall effects without identifying ...

For athletes across all sports, few experiences are as agonising as being forced to leave a competition with a sudden muscle cramp. These painful, uncontrolled spasms – formally known as ...

(The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Michael Hales, Kennesaw State University (THE CONVERSATION) For athletes across all ...

[1] D. Barker, (2002) The motor ininervation of the mammalian muscle spindle, in Nobel Symposium Muscular Afterents and Motor Control, R. Granit, Ed. New York: Wiley. [2] A. Boyd, (1996) The motor ...

Abstract: Prosthetic hands offer significant benefits for patients with hand amputations by partially replicating the function of real hands. However, most current prosthetics lack sensory feedback on ...

"Muscle spindles, where macrophages are located, are tiny sensors inside your muscles that help your body monitor how stretched or tense your muscles are. These sensors play a crucial role in guiding ...

University of Copenhagen - The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Immune cells have a surprising and critical role in controlling movement and bridging neural activity with metabolic demands, ...

Summary: Macrophages, immune cells typically known for fighting infections, have been discovered to play a vital role in controlling movement and linking neural activity with metabolic demands.