Russell has a PhD in the history of medicine, violence, and colonialism. His research has explored topics including ethics, science governance, and medical involvement in violent contexts. Russell has ...

A small Roman glass bottle discovered in western Turkey has provided the first direct chemical proof that ancient physicians used human feces as a medicinal ingredient. The vial, dating back about ...

Dark-brown flakes discovered inside a 1,900-year-old Roman glass vial are the first direct evidence for the use of human feces for medicinal purposes, a new chemical analysis reveals. The feces were ...

For centuries, historians argued about whether ancient surgeons actually used painkillers or simply let patients endure the ...

Researchers recently unveiled proof that Romans used a surprising ingredient in their medical treatments — and it's far from sanitary. The research focuses on a vessel that was unearthed in Pergamon, ...

A new chemical analysis revealed evidence that ancient Roman physicians used human feces in medical practices, after researchers analyzed residue inside a 1,900-year-old Roman glass vial, confirming ...

A surprising discovery by Turkish researchers has revealed that ancient Romans may have used human faeces for medicinal purposes. A 1,900-year-old Roman vial, found in western Turkey, provides what ...

A 1,900-year-old Roman vial has revealed a surprising medical practice: the use of human faeces. Dark brown flakes discovered inside the vessel, known as an unguentarium, have been identified as human ...

Two thousand years ago, a Roman merchant ship containing medicinal supplies sank off the coast of the Tuscany region of modern-day Italy. Among the treasures that have been recovered are six pill-like ...