Bipolar fuzzy outerplanar graphs are interesting and significant subclasses within the broader field of fuzzy graph theory. In this paper, bipolar fuzzy outerplanar graphs, and its properties are ...

Two computer scientists found — in the unlikeliest of places — just the idea they needed to make a big leap in graph theory. This past October, as Jacob Holm and Eva Rotenberg were thumbing through a ...

Fuzzy sets and soft sets serve as powerful mathematical tools to handle uncertainty and vagueness in real-world problems. Building on these, this study introduces the concept of fuzzy soft outerplanar ...

If true, the following conjecture of Thomassen [Th81] is a planarity criterion for a special class of graphs that involves only K 5. Recall that a planar graph on n vertices contains at most 3n-6 ...