The legacy of Neandertals in modern people has often been framed as a genetic gift for fighting infection. This time, the ...

Researchers have found surprising links that show that Neanderthal ancestry influences our immune system today in ways more nuanced than previously recognized. Their work is published in the journal ...

The adaptive immune system of vertebrates represents a major evolutionary innovation that underpins the capacity for antigen-specific recognition, immunological memory and refined regulation of host ...

Persistent viral infections pose a unique challenge to the immune system. Prolonged antigen exposure drives T cells into a state of exhaustion — a ...

A research team at the University of Münster has investigated for the first time how the confrontation of bacteria with hosts that have an activated innate immune system affects the evolution of ...

A new study has shown that person-to-person variation in antibody immunity plays a key role in shaping which influenza (flu) strains dominate in a population. The work, published today as a Reviewed ...

The human immune system is a masterpiece of evolution — powerful enough to fend off millions of potential pathogens every day, yet finely regulated to protect the body’s own tissues. How this balance ...

Conceptual illustration representing interactions between the immune system and SARS-CoV-2. The image reflects broader processes involved in antibody responses and viral adaptation during infection.

Trillions of microorganisms live in the human gut, collectively forming the gut microbiome. They support important bodily ...